Information and legal foundations for the professional training of aviation specialists

Abstract

In our work we substantiate the priority of the requirements by the method of expert evaluation. We analyzed the existing methods and techniques for calculating the weight and centering of aircraft, as well as existing systems for automating the process of loading and centering aircraft, we found that one of the causes of aviation events associated with improper loading and centering is that all standard values (weight of passengers, weight of crew members, weight and density of fuel, lubricants, etc.) are taken into account. That is, errors occur during the calculation due to inaccurate determination of these values. Therefore, there is a problem of correct calculation of the specified parameters taking into account these errors. The purpose of the study is to reveal the features of the introduction of visual laboratories and 3D printing technologies in aviation education. The paper briefly presents different approaches to the interpretation of the term "visualization" and concludes on current trends in the informatization of aviation education. 3D printing technology is highlighted, which is a powerful educational tool that promotes integrated learning and helps students work on research projects, combining engineering, technological and applied scientific concepts. It is noted that research on the integration of 3D printing technologies in formal educational contexts is quite limited. This paper describes the advantages of 3D printing technology for teaching in higher education and discusses the theoretical aspects of this technology in the design of science-intensive projects in aviation education. There are also practical recommendations for creating separate blocks of 3D printing. In the work the research of professional activity and professional training of the dispatcher on flight maintenance and the dispatcher of group of the organization of ground support of flights is carried out. We have analyzed the flight safety due to incorrect calculation of weight and centering of the aircraft. Errors that occur during the calculation of weight and centering of the aircraft are also analyzed: moving the center of gravity back; movement of loose luggage, excess takeoff weight; incorrect filling of the consolidated loading information etc. In the course of the research the professional activity of the flight dispatcher and the dispatcher of the ground flight support organization group on the basis of normative documents was studied. We have developed the model of professional activity of the ground handling service manager. These models can be used during the training of future air traffic controllers, they will provide clarity of the professional responsibilities of these specialists. The article describes the organization of workflow at civil aviation enterprises. Based on the study of scientific and pedagogical literature, a comparative analysis of modern existing electronic document management systems and their analysis in the aviation sector is presented. Ways of optimizing the workflow in the work of a flight dispatcher are described, as well as an analysis of the effectiveness of the introduction of electronic document management systems in the work of airlines. The article provides a scientific and theoretical justification for the use of modern information technology of training specialists to develop a system for automatic stabilizing the angular position of the runway on board the ship. Using the latest scientifically proved information technologies, which are presented in the work, contributes to the formation of future specialists' basic theoretical knowledge and practical skills to create competitive automatic control systems and complexes operating under stochastic influences. The topic of this work is devoted to solving such a topical research task and practical problem – the development of a self-directed training model of the future air traffic controllers for pre-training stage. The principles of learning in terms of self-directed learning skills formation are considered. As a result of the study, a model for the formation of self-directed training skills of air traffic controllers and the competency sub-model of the master's degree in Aviation Transport, EPP "Air Traffic Controller", which covers relevant aspects of self-directed training, are developed. Furthermore, ergonomic and functional requirements for adaptive intelligent decision support system for the development of self-directed learning skills for air traffic controllers is developed. The research defines the concept and features of legal regulation of civil liability, which follows from the conclusion of civil transactions, contracts and other obligations existing in legal relations related to air transport, its importance and efficiency, as well as its application to meet public needs. This is exactly what the Civil Code of Ukraine provides for, when the norms regulate non-contractual relations and apply to individual obligations arising from contracts. The Civil Code of Ukraine states that the carrier's liability for damage caused by injury, other damage to health or death of a passenger is determined in accordance with civil law norms, unless the carrier's liability without fault is established by agreement or law. When clarifying the concept of general civil liability, as well as civil liability in aviation, attention is drawn to the fact that the legal basis for civil liability is a law or contract, and the actual offense is the commission of an offense. The article is devoted to the disclosure of the features of the legal mechanism for the settlement of labor relations and the features of social protection of aviation personnel. It is noted that the labor relations of civil aviation workers have a special character, respectively, along with labor law, these relations are regulated by special legal acts. This is due to heightened risks, physical and mental stress in the performance of work duties. Based on the analysis of legislation and jurisprudence practice in the studied area, it was emphasized that the modern aviation industry remains an outdated act of social protection of aviation workers, without taking into account today`s realities. In scientific work the results of analysis of the systems of the operating Criminal code of Ukraine are generalized allow to distinguish the independent subsystem of the providing of guard of aviation safety from the acts of illegal interference with activity of civil aviation. In the legislation of Ukraine aviation safety is determined as protecting of civil aviation from the acts of illegal interference, that is provided by realization of complex of events with bringing in of human and material capitals. In literature marked, that the concept of aviation safety is determined through the concept of act of illegal interference with activity of civil aviation. The analysis of the systems of norms of current criminal legislation shows that the Criminal code of Ukraine does not envisage an only division, that determines the certain list of criminal offences that trench upon aviation safety. Criminal responsibility for the feasance of acts of illegal interference with activity of civil aviation is envisaged by the articles that is located in the different divisions of Special part of the Criminal code of Ukraine. However, it quite not means that aviation safety is confined providing of her guard. The article provides a review of the approaches to the idea of ‘legal regulation’ as a category of the legal science. Peculiarities of the formation of legal framework in the development of civil aviation are thoroughly analyzed and described. On the general theoretical and methodological levels, the author distinguishes and characterizes the notion and features of legal regulation in the sphere of civil aviation. The article describes the concept and importance of legal regulation in the field of aviation, features of legal regulation in the field of aviation, legal aspects of the formation and operation of the first international institutions (bodies) in the field of civil aviation, and analyzed the peculiarities of aviation in the EU. The article considers the grounds and procedure for applying administrative responsibility for violation of the rules which regulate public relations in the field of civil aviation. The provisions of legal and regulatory instruments that determine the competence of officials to consider cases of administrative offenses and impose administrative sanctions for committing such offenses were analyzed. They were investigated the main legal structures of administrative offenses in the field of civil aviation, in particular, forgery of travel tickets and postage stamps, violation of the rules aimed at ensuring the safety of cargo in air transport, as well as violation of the rules: flight safety; behavior on the aircraft; international flights; fire safety in air transport; transportation of dangerous substances and items by air transport.