Cybernetic approach in professional training of air traffic controllers

Abstract

The article deals with the problem of air traffic controllers’ training individualization, and in order to solve this problem the cybernetic approach to training of such kind of specialists has been used. It has been revealed that one of the most important tasks in initial training of air traffic controllers is the individualization of future air traffic controllers’ training and the use of feedback for the organization and implementation of corrective measures to eliminate the deficiencies found during the simulator phase of training and errors in the formation of professional skills and abilities of cadets whose gaps in pre-flight training have not been clarified. The content and essence of the cybernetic interpretation of didactic processes, the analysis of the structure and content of training from the standpoint of cybernetics, the spread of the principles of cybernetics and the theory of information at different levels of training have been carried out. The main tasks of cybernetic pedagogy such as analysis of the pedagogical system in terms of control links and information flows, which control and controlled subsystems exchange, optimization of the training process, finding such forms and methods of organizing the training process, in which the functioning of the education system would be most effective, that is, at the lowest cost, would bring the maximum benefit, practical use of electronic devices and automated training systems for controlling the training and testing process; programmable training have been investigated. Some deficiencies have been identified from the part of the control and controlled component of the air traffic controllers’ training, namely, the inadequate use of the results of systematic feedback, making it difficult for the teacher to obtain information on the quality of the step-by-step solving of training tasks, on typical disadvantages. The components of the training process such as targeting, stimulating-motivational, informative, operational-activity, control-regulating, evaluative- productive, which reflect the process of interaction between the teacher and the cadet from the point of view of the training purpose to the analysis of its results, have been revealed. The basic aspects of air traffic controllers’ training on the basis of a cybernetic approach have been grounded. All aspects of air traffic controllers’ professional training based on the cybernetic approach will allow the activities decomposition of both the teacher and the cadets in the course of the training lesson providing the simulator training correction. У статті розглянута проблема індивідуалізація навчання авіадиспетчерів, основою розв’язання якої є використання кібернетичного підхіду до підготовки таких фахівців. Проведено аналіз основних положень кібернетичного підходу та їх адаптації до професійної підготовки авіадиспетчерів с точки зору впровадження контрольно-регулювального компоненту навчання. Обґрунтовано основні аспекти професійної підготовки авіадиспетчерів на основі кібернетичного підходу.