Організаційно-педагогічні проблеми формування готовності майбутніх офіцерів Національної гвардії України до участі у міжнародних миротворчих операціях

Abstract

У науковій статті проведено аналіз педагогічних проблем професійної підготовки курсантів, який засвідчив її складність та дозволив визначити недоліки у практичній підготовці майбутніх офіцерів Національної гвардії. Визначено, що до змісту професійної підготовки майбутніх офіцерів входять такі компоненти: особистісний, ціннісній та мотиваційний, пізнавальний, діяльнісний, самооцінний. Проведено аналіз поняття «готовність» у психологічній літературі та розглянуто структуру готовності майбутнього офіцера до міжнародних миротворчих операцій. Визначено основні шляхи вирішення організаційно-педагогічних проблем формування готовності майбутніх офіцерів у ЗВО. The article analyzes the training of cadets, which demonstrated the complexity of the problem and allowed to identify shortcomings in the practical training of future officers of the National Guard. The basic pedagogical reasons of existence of deficiencies in the educational process are determined. It is determined that preparation for international peacekeeping operations is being specified today according to the following main directions: tactical training, which forms the basis for the military-professional readiness of the peacemaker; technical training, which includes all components of the organization and providing conditions for the safe operation of military equipment during international peacekeeping operations; fire training, which provides the skillful use of military equipment and weapons; peacekeeping and legal training aimed at the main goals, tasks, functions, means and methods of international peacekeeping operations, the bringing of laws and legal acts on liability for offenses, norms of international humanitarian law; rules and features regarding the use of military force, conduct of hostilities, knowledge of basic human rights; foreign language training, which includes studying English as a language of communication while performing international peacekeeping operations; psychological training, designed to form psychological readiness for action in extreme conditions, emotional stability and professionally important qualities. It is determined that the following components should be included in the content of the training of future officers: personal (adequate self-esteem, realization in professional activity); value and motivational components (set of value orientations, motives of professional activity); cognitive component (system of knowledge and skills forming the basis of professional and foreign competence); activity component (methods, forms, techniques of professional activity of an officer); self-assessing component (self-preparedness analysis). The analysis of the concept of "readiness" in the psychological literature and the structure of the readiness of the future officer for international peacekeeping operations are considered. To such readiness it is proposed to include four components: value-motivational, cognitive, practical and self-assessing. According to the analysis of organizational and pedagogical problems of preparing future officers for international peacekeeping operations, the main directions of changing this situation are formulated.