Особливості розвитку трудових відносин в Україні

Abstract

У статті на основі аналізу чинного законодавства розкриваються особливості розвитку трудових відносин з виділенням основних проблем, що гальмують даний процес. Зупинена увагу на посиленні підстав притягнення до відповідальності за порушення трудового законодавства. Досліджуються особливості застосування дисциплінарної, матеріальної, адміністративної, фінансової та кримінальної відповідальності роботодавців. На підставі аналізу чинного законодавства України та наукової доктрини у сфері трудового права наводяться висновки та окремі пропозиції щодо шляхів вирішення порушених проблем у досліджуваній сфері. Based on the analysis of the existing legislation the article reveals the features of the development of labour relations with the identification of the main problems that inhibit this process. It notes that one of the negative factors, which has a negative impact on the development of labour relations in Ukraine, is the low level of social tolerance of modern Ukrainian business. Recently, there has been an increase in cases of violation of the law in the field of labour relations. The focus directs on strengthening the grounds for holding liable for violation of labour legislation. The article explores the features of the application of disciplinary, material, administrative, financial and criminal liability of employers. It reveals the foundations of the inefficiency of trade unions at enterprises. It is noted that one of the causes of this problem is an imperfect definition of social and labour guarantees by the norms of the current labour legislation. It forces the parties of social and labour relations to determine their list on a contractual basis. The author points out that the level of the employees’ interests in relations with employers within the established situation depends on the work of trade unions. It is identified the reasons of the loss of confidence and reducing of the image of trade union organizations among enterprise employees. These include changes in the structure of employment, changes in the nature of labour and production, atypical forms of employment, globalization of the economy, anti-union promotion, shortcomings of the trade unions, and public disappointment in the effectiveness of trade unions. It is determined the priority trade unions’ tasks for correcting the current situation and taking a course aimed at increasing their authority among workers and society and increasing the motivation of trade union membership. Recently, the so-called "yellow" trade unions are created, controlled by the employer, authorities or political forces. Based on the analysis of the current legislation of Ukraine and the scientific doctrine in the field of labour law, the conclusions and some individual suggestions on ways of solving the problems in the research field was given.