Основні вимоги до професійного мовлення диспетчерів управління повітряним рухом

Abstract

У статті окреслені основні вимоги до професійного мовлення диспетчерів управління повітряним рухом. Визначена потреба в оволодінні професійною авіаційною мовою диспетчерами управління повітряним рухом. У дослідженні охарактеризовані документи ІКАО, які мають безпосереднє відношення до мовного аспекту діяльності авіаційних фахівців. The main task of the research is to define the main air traffic controllers’ language proficiency requirements. Nowadays the language of profession is an integral part of air traffic controllers’ professional communication, and its proficiency is their main task. A great number of foreign and native scientists, for instance O. Akimova, L. Herasymenko, Ye. Kmita, O. Kovtun, V. Kolosov, D. Macmillan, T. Malkovska, O. Moskalenko, H. Pashchenko, V. Piven, A. Pchelinov, T. Tarnavska have been trying to determine the value of professional language interaction in the mode "a pilot – a controller". It goes without saying that the main task of Air Traffic Control Unit is to provide safe, orderly and expeditious flow of air traffic. Air Traffic Controllers conduct a flight at all its phases and flights safety depends on professional interaction of pilots and controllers. It should be mentioned that 80% of all aviation incidents happen due to misunderstanding between pilots and controllers. Nowadays great attention to professional aviation communication is paid by scientists and International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). To improve safety, regularity and efficiency, the ICAO Council adopts International Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs) and approves Procedures for Air Navigation Services (PANS). The main air traffic controllers’ language proficiency requirements are based on ICAO documents, and our research covers some of them. For instance Doc 4444 provides for a comprehensive update of the procedures as well as a major reorganization of the contents. Provisions and procedures relating to safety management of air traffic services and to air traffic flow management are included. The purpose of Doc 9432 is to provide examples of the radiotelephony phraseology which is developed to provide efficient, clear, concise, and unambiguous communications, and constant attention should be given to the correct use of ICAO phraseologies in all instances in which they are applicable. Radiotelephony English as a sub-category of aviation English is the language used in radiotelephony communicationIt includes but must not be limited to ICAO phraseology and can require the use of "general" English. It should be noted that two documents, Doc 9835 Manual on the Implementation of ICAO Language Proficiency Requirements and Annex 1 Personnel Licensing, are of special interest to aviation specialists who oversee the implementation of appropriate language training and testing programs. International Civil Aviation Organization has six official languages. English has been chosen as the international language of radiotelephony in civil aviation. So it is specified to be as the key qualification. In aviation sphere English is divided into three main categories namely General English, Aviation English and Radiotelephony Phraseology. ICAO language proficiency scale includes six levels, and levels 4-6 are operational ones. We have come to conclusion that Aviation English is an integral part of aviation specialists’ work. Aviation English training for flight crews and air traffic controllers necessarily includes practice with phraseologies but also necessarily includes a broader focus on aviation-related English and high level of proficiency in "general" English