Теоретико-методичні засади активного туризму

Abstract

В статті розглянуто теоретико-методичні засади активного туризму, проаналізовано предметні поля та визначені спільні ознаки видів активної рекреаційно- туристської та туристсько-спортивної діяльності, які входять до блоку активного туризму, розглянуто співвідношення цих понять, дано авторське визначення активного туризму. The article deals with the theoretical and methodological principles of active tourism, analyzes the subject fields and defines common features of the types of active recreational tourism and tourist and sports activities that are part of the active tourism block, the correlation of these concepts is considered, the authorʼs definition of active tourism is given Active tourism is becoming an increasingly important segment of the tourist industry, attracting hundreds of millions of fans of active recreation in the natural environment in the world. Along with this, active tourism includes more and more types of active recreational tourism and tourist and sports activities. Therefore, the definition of active tourism as well as the study of its structure is considered to be relevant. The purpose of the research is to determine the theoretical and methodological principles of active tourism, to analyze the subject fields of the types of active recreational tourism and tourism and sports activities In the scientific tourism and sports literature, along with the term "active tourism", other terms with overlapping subject areas, such as "sports and health tourism", "sports and recreational tourism", "sports tourism", are widespread, and what is more, terms "adventure tourism" and "extreme tourism" have also joined them lately The article analyzes the used definitions of the types of active recreation and tourism activities with their subject areas in order to move apart these concepts and, if possible, avoid their overlapping and crossing Hence, active tourism is a type of recreational and tourist activity that is carried out in the natural environment, and consists in the passage of tourist routes by various active means of travel with the overcoming of various obstacles (passes, peaks, rapids, canyons, caves, etc.). In the block devoted to active tourism, the author identified three constituent segments: sports and health tourism (sports and recreational tourism) → sports tourism → extreme tourism. Forms of active tourism with a bright cognitive component make up the adventure tourism block, which is "superimposed" on the three constituent segments: of the active tourism. Active tourism is nature-oriented in essence, therefore the subject fields of active tourism and ecological tourism partially overlap.