Культурологічний підхід як методологічна основа професійної підготовки майбутніх авіаційних фахівців

Abstract

У статті здійснено аналіз професійної підготовки майбутніх авіаційних фахівців в контексті культурологічного підходу. Автором теоретично обгрунтовується доцільність впровадження культурологічного підходу у процес професійної підготовки майбутніх авіаційних фахівців, що сприятиме формуванню цілісної системи світосприйняття, підвищенню їх загальної культури, а також становленню субʼєктом професійної культури. The article analyzes the training of the future aviation specialists in the context of the cultural approach. The author substantiates theoretically the expediency of introducing the cultural approach into the process of professional training of future aviation specialists, which will contribute to the formation of the holistic system of world perception, to the increase of their general culture, as well as the formation of the subject of professional culture. It is noted that the modern educational paradigm is based on the approaches aimed at forming values and meanings of activity, the culture of modern specialist. Under such circumstances, the cultural approach becomes one of the main methodological approaches in the organization of the educational process in the high school. The author supposes that the cultural approach to education can be interpreted as a cultural-historical paradigm, which replaces the developing education. Its essence is the recognition of the decisive role of culture in education and upbringing. Under this approach, in the process of education and training, a person does not just study culture, but lives and experiences it as ones own way of life and activity, as a particular cultural environment. The article argues that the cultural approach as the methodology reveals the unity of the axiological, activity and individual-creative aspects of culture, considering the person as its subject, as the main doer. As a methodological basis of the modern pedagogical science, the cultural approach involves the use of the phenomenon of culture as a pivot in understanding and explaining the pedagogical phenomena and processes. The following functional principles of cultural analysis of the pedagogical problems are considered such as the systemic reconstruction of culture; the accounting of the subjectivity of the cultural development and the activity character of the realization of the subjective baseline in culture; the unity of normative and creative aspects of the existence of culture. The author of the article proposes to consider the professional training of future aviation specialists in the aspect of the cultural approach as a cultural opening educational process, where the teacher and the student realize themselves as subjects of culture, while the content of education is built in accordance with the content of professional culture, person-oriented pedagogical technologies are widely used, the cultural criteria are used to assess the level of readiness of the future specialist for professional activity.